

THE 


BELLEVUE TUNNEL 





COLORADO 
























































REPORTS, 


LETTERS, AND ENDORSEMENTS 


OF THE 


Bellevue Tunnel, 


COLORADO. 



NEW YORK: 

1883. 




N. 


v -V. 













Copyright, 1883, by Bradford H. Locke. 




ADMUS PRESS 
29 ROSE ST., N. V. 




REPORT OF MR. A. N. ROGERS. 


Central City, April 1 6 , 1883. 

Mr. Bradford H. Locke, 

Sir : 

Having been long familiar with the country trav¬ 
ersed by the proposed Bellevue Tunnel, and the principal 
lodes which will be crossed by the same, I may speak with 
confidence touching the superior merits of the project. 
The obvious advantages of a drainage adit in deep mining 
have been recognized since an early day in history; but it 
has been left for modern times to plan, and to successfully 
execute such great undertakings, as in older countries have 
become expedient in order to prolong the life of mines, 
that, having attained too great depth, could no longer be 
worked to profit. The notable Rothscongberger water adit 
in Germany, for drainage of the Freiberg mines, has been 
but recently completed, after the incessant labor of thirty- 
five years and the outlay of more than twelve millions of 
marks (about 3,000,000 dollars). This tunnel has a total 
length of 3i|- English miles, and a final depth of 1,800 feet 
beneath the surface, undercutting the previously existing 
drainage course by a depth of 400 feet only. To serve a 
similar purpose, kindred enterprises have been constructed 
in other countries varying in length from 13 miles to less 



4 


than one mile. The proposed project of the Bellevue Tunnel 
promises all the advantages which have been secured by 
these great undertakings for continuance of the work below, 
with the accumulated benefits to be gained by cheapening 
of the work above the tunnel. Embraced within the narrow 
belt of one mile in width centering upon the proposed line, 
there are nearly two hundred patented lodes, claiming a vein 
length of 45 miles. Depth below the surface is gained 
rapidly, and an average back of unworked ground, two hun¬ 
dred and sixty-six fathoms high, will be standing above the 
tunnel grade, which, reduced to tangible dimensions, by 
computation may be estimated at approximately thirteen 
and half million running fathoms of stoping ground. Com¬ 
pared with neighboring veins of similar character, which have 
been extensively worked, it may be assumed that the veins 
in question will produce on the average ten tons of millable 
ore to the fathom, or an aggregate of one hundred and 
thirty-five millions of tons. It may not be claimed that the 
whole of this is likely to be productive ground ; but to com¬ 
pensate for the “dead ground'’ in the lodes under con¬ 
sideration, there are a great number of unpatented discover¬ 
ies not counted, and likewise many undiscovered veins left 
entirely to conjecture. For additional safety, let the above 
estimate be reduced seventy-five per cent., leaving, in round 
numbers, thirty-four millions of tons, for the removal of 
which, through the tunnel, at the rate of one thousand tons 
per day, over one century of time will be required. At the 
end of this period the enterprise will be but at the begin¬ 
ning of its career as compared with the other great under¬ 
takings which have been mentioned. This should be a most 
convincing argument in support of the project. If the lodes 
are present, and of sufficient value to justify any system of 
development, the economic advantages of this method, and 
of this particular selection of ground, are beyond question. 
It is above comparison with any other similar project in the 
country, since, with the shortest line, the tunnel will under¬ 
cut at greatest depth, the largest number, and the most 
promising of the unworked veins of Gilpin County; securing 


i 


5 


natural drainage; the cheapest method of mining; and 
superior mill facilities. It has been estimated that more 
than thirty-four million tons of ore will gravitate to the 
tunnel, and pass through the same to the fine water-powers 
of Fall River and South Clear Creek for treatment. The 
saving in the cost upon this vast amount of work will amount 
to many millions of dollars, and, counted as earnings upon 
capital invested, will add to the substantial wealth of the 
world a sum too large for present estimate. This enterprise 
will add value to the mines, not only by cheapening the cost 
upon such ores as may be handled by a more expensive 
method, but by making it possible to remove ore, otherwise 
too low in grade for profitable working. This should be con¬ 
sidered as something above a mere prospecting scheme, 
since it is based, to a large extent, upon the existence of 
known lodes of proved value. It is more a plan for devel¬ 
opment on the most enlarged and systematic basis, under¬ 
taken at an opportune moment, and at a period of the most 
advanced appliances for the prosecution of such work. Tun¬ 
neling at the present day is no longer the tedious and 
expensive process of but the past decade ; and whatever 
may be the possible advantages to be gained by a choice of 
systems in developing the lodes in question, they now remain 
to be utilized. But little ore has, as yet, been removed by 
surface working at a wasteful sacrifice ; but few expensive 
surface plants, with shafts and pit work for drainage, have been 
erected ; and no adequate milling facilities have been acquired 
now to be abandoned. This great group of lodes, though 
fairly tested, is substantially untouched, and the cost of sur¬ 
face improvements, shafts, and machinery equipment, for any 
adequate and proper development of its resources, by sur¬ 
face working, would probably amount to double that of the 
proposed tunnel. This being the case, the scheme is well 
devised, and the present time is favorable for its commence¬ 
ment. So much, if anything, should be said respecting the 
details of the enterprise, the matter of which has been so 
correctly and amply covered by maps, plans, and by the 
statements of other parties, that I conclude it to be unneces- 


6 

sary for me to comment upon the same, and trust that the 
foregoing will fully establish sufficient grounds for my en¬ 
dorsement of the enterprise. 

i 

Respectfully yours, 


A. N. Rogers. 


STATEMENT OF MR. B. H. LOCKE. 


The Bellevue Tunnel is designed to afford the cheapest 
possible method for working the western half of all the 
mines in the Gilpin County gold group. 

The line adopted will cut a greater number of lodes, 
yielding richer ore, at a greater depth, and in a much less 
distance than any other possible line in the county, and 
therefore no other competing tunnel can ever encroach upon 
its territory. 

It is essentially a transportation company : but if organ¬ 
ized under the Railroad Act of Colorado, as some have 
advised, it would be subject to laws regulating freight rates. 


CHARACTER OF THE MINES. 

Gilpin County contains only true fissure veins. They 
extend to unknown depths; are traced along the surface 
for thousands of feet; yield principally gold ore, which is 
treated in stamp mills; and vary in width from a few inches 
to ten and occasionally twenty feet. Mining has been 
carried on here constantly for twenty-three years, producing 
from one and a half million to two and a half millions per 
year. The veins are all similar in their general features. 
Those now found at the surface will either unite to form 
larger ones or will separately extend far below the tunnel 



8 


level, for the bottom of no vein in this vicinity has ever yet 
been reached, and many of them, as the Hukill and May¬ 
flower at Idaho Springs, and the Bobtail and Gregory at 
Black Hawk, have been worked at least 500 feet below the 
tunnel level. 


PRESENT SYSTEM OF WORK. 

Mining is now carried on by sinking shafts from the sur¬ 
face ; pumping the water, and hoisting the ore and poor 
wall-rock to the top of the shaft; shoveling the ore into 
wagons; teaming it from one to four miles to the stamp 
mills at Black Hawk; shoveling it into ore bins at the 
mills, and again shoveling it into the crushing batteries, 
which are driven by steam power or very limited water 
power. The average cost of all this work, not including 
cost of mining or crushing, is from fourteen dollars to 
twenty dollars per seven tons, locally termed a cord of ore. 
This tunnel will save the expense of pumping the water and 
hoisting the ore and wall-rock, and will offer the cheapest 
method of transporting the ore to large stamp mills on 
South Clear Creek and on Fall River, where the water 
power is practically unlimited. It is proposed to charge 
one dollar per ton, or less than one-half the present cost, 
for delivering the ore at the mills, including the drainage of 
the mines, and to give some rebate upon the lowest grade 
of milling ore and upon the wall-rock. This actually com¬ 
pels all mine owners and lessees, from self interest, to work 
through the tunnel. 


PRODUCTION OF GILPIN COUNTY. 

During the year 1882 this county produced 18,000 cords 
of ore, which yielded $815,000 in gold, or an average of 
three ounces ($45) per cord of seven tons. 

Ten thousand tons of smelting ore were also produced, 
having a value of $1,000,000 or $100 per ton, as shown by 


9 


the books of the several smelting companies that purchased 
it. The grade of ore extracted during this year was the 
lowest ever treated, and the total production was less than 
for seven years past. The actual contents of the milling ore 
is considerably above the yield, as the stamp mills can save 
from sixty to seventy-five per cent, only of the gold value, 
and practically none of the silver. 

The total production of Gilpin County, since its discovery 
in 1859, h as been $41,000,000. The annual yield for eleven 
years was as follows: 


1872 

- $1,389,289 

1873 - 

1,530,000 

1874 

1,631,863 

1875 - 

1,769,385 

1876 

2,240,000 

1877 - 

2,203,037 

1878 

- 2,257,000 

1879 - 

2,431,291 

1880 

2,680,090 

1881 - 

2,158,930 

1882 

2,006,516 


$22,297,401 


These figures indicate the character and permanence of 
the mines of Gilpin County. 


OTHER MINING TUNNELS. 

The great Freiberg Tunnel, described by Mr. Rogers, is 
the most extensive one in the world. It is thirty-one and a 
half miles in length, and cuts only 1,800 feet below the sur¬ 
face. Another German tunnel is thirteen miles long, and 
cuts only 1,200 feet below the surface. The Sutro Tunnel is 
three and three-quarter miles long, and cuts the Comstock 
lode 1,800 feet below surface, and will be very valuable if 



10 


rich ore is ever found again in this great vein. The ore 
above the tunnel was practically worked out before it was 
completed; but not so with us. The Ontario Tunnel in 
Utah, now being driven, will be over one mile in length, and 
will cut the mine only 600 feet deep. Many other cases 
could be cited, nearly all of which cut only one mine, while 
the Bellevue Tunnel will cut more than two hundred, at 
great depth and in three miles of distance. 


LEGAL RIGHTS OF TUNNEL COMPANIES. 

The United States Mining Laws give to tunnel companies 
the ownership of all veins first discovered in a tunnel or its 
branches for 1,500 feet in length, and patents are issued 
therefor. 

They also give the right to cross any existing vein, wheth¬ 
er patented or not. The laws of Colorado give the right of 
“eminent domain” to railroad, tollroad, telegraph, ditch and 
tunnel companies, and also the right to make a reasonable 
charge for the drainage of mines. A tunnel company never 
forfeits its tunnel through failure to work for any length of 
time. These laws place this enterprise upon the very best 
legal foundation. 


THE CORPORATIONS LAWS OF COLORADO 

allow meetings of stockholders and directors to be held 
outside the State; do not impose any State tax; do not dis¬ 
solve a corporation except from gross fraud, bankruptcy, or 
complete abandonment of operations ; grant existence for 
twenty years, at which time the property is sold for the 
benefit of stockholders, so that this Company will only sell 
to a new company, and exchange the stock share for share; 
and, finally are in every particular favorable to domestic 
companies ; for mining is the great industry of Colorado, 
and must continue so to be. Public sentiment will always 


require laws best calculated to draw capital to the State, in 
order to develop its resources. The great opposition to the 
“ Net Out-put Mining Bill,” introduced at the last session of 
the Legislature, by a small clique for personal ends, fully jus¬ 
tifies this view. 


ORGANIZATION. 

The Company will be organized under the laws of the 
State of Colorado, with nine directors, that being the full 
number allowed by law. 

The various American and English mining companies and 
mine owners will be more attracted to a Colorado company 
than to one organized under the New York laws. 


CAPITAL STOCK, 3,000,000 DOLLARS, 

divided into 100,000 shares of preferred stock, and 200,000 
shares of common stock of a par value of ten dollars per 
share. 


THE PREFERRED STOCK 

represents the actual money to be paid into the treasury 
and expended in the construction of the tunnel, stamp mills, 
and general plant, and will draw a dividend of seven per 
cent. It will be issued to subscribers upon the payment of 
the last installment of ten per cent., on September 1st, 1885, 
in exchange for the fully paid-up subscription certificates. 

PLAN OF PAYMENT. 

Negotiable subscription certificates will be issued to the 
original subscribers at the time of the first payment, and all 
installments subsequently paid will be endorsed thereon. 
Owners thereof will have the right to vote. The times of 
payments are as follows : 


12 


June 1st, 1833, 10 per cent., or. 

Sept. 1st, 1883, 10 per cent., or - 

Dec. 1st, 1883, 10 per cent., or. 

March 1st, 1884, 10 per cent., or - 
June 2d, 1884, 825-100 per cent., or - 

Being the regular installment less the following interest ; 


$100,000 
100,000 
100,000 
100,000 
82,500 

-$482,500 


$100,000 for 12 months at 7 per cent. - - $7,000 
$100,000 for 9 months at 7 per cent. - 5> 2 5° 

$100,000 for 6 months at 7 per cent. - - 3.5 o0 

$100,000 for 3 months at 7 per cent. - - 1,750 


$17,500 

Sept. 1st, 1884, 10 per cent., or - - $100,000 

Dec. 1st, 1884, 10 per cent., or 100,000 

March 2d, 1885, 10 per cent., or - - - - 100,000 

June 1st, 1885, 545-100 per cent., or 54 , 5 °° 

Being the regular installment less the following interest: 


354,500 


$500,000 for 12 months at 7 per cent. - - $35,000 

$100,000 for 9 months at 7 per cent. - 5,250 

$100,000 for 6 months at 7 per cent. - - 3,500 

$100,000 for 3 months at 7 per cent. - 1,750 

$ 45,500 

Sept. 1st, 1885.100,000 


Total -------- $937,000 


available for the actual mining work and the legitimate ex¬ 
penses of the company, with no deductions or commissions 
whatever. Under this plan the money will come into the 
treasury as fast as needed. The seven per cent, dividend 
on preferred stock will be reckoned from date of last install¬ 
ment. In default of payment by any subscriber, his shares 
of preferred stock will be advertised and sold, the proceeds 
first paying the installment due, with cost of sale, and any 
remainder paid back to the delinquent owner, as required 
by the laws of Colorado. No money will be called in until 
the full amount is subscribed. 




COMMON STOCK. 


One million dollars of common stock goes as a bonus with 








13 


the preferred stock, and one million is retained by the pro¬ 
moters, and represents their profit only when the enterprise 
proves successful. This common stock will be deposited in 
a trust company, and delivered to the separate parties in ten 
per cent, allotments at the times of payment of the install¬ 
ments as above. 

Thus a subscriber for $10,000 in preferred stock will pay 
$1,000 on June 1st, and will receive his negotiable subscrip¬ 
tion certificates for 1,000 shares of preferred stock, and also 
100 shares common stock. 

At the time of last payment, September 1st, 1885, he will 
have paid in all $9,370, and will have received $10,000 in 
preferred stock and $10,000 on common stock. If a sub¬ 
scriber loses his preferred stock through non-payment of 
installments, he will still own his proper share of common 
stock, which we are positive will go to par when the tunnel 
is completed. 

After paying the dividend of 7 per cent, on the preferred 
stock, the net earnings will be applied to a dividend on the 
common stock up to 7 per cent., and, should any surplus 
still be available, the extra dividend will go to both alike. 


LIABILITY OF STOCKHOLDERS. 

The laws of Colorado make the stockholder liable only 
u to the extent of the amount that may be unpaid upon the 
stock held by him,” and as the preferred stock is issued for 
money, and as the common stock will be issued as fully paid 
up, in consideration of certain mill sites and the tunnel site, no 
liability will attach to either. The directors and officers are 
made liable for debts if any dividend is paid when a com¬ 
pany is insolvent, and for debts arising through false state¬ 
ments. 


CONTROL OF COMPANY 

will always rest with the owners of the preferred stock, for 
they will hold twice as much stock as the promoters. 


14 


THE MANAGEMENT 

of the enterprise in Colorado will be entrusted to thoroughly 
practical engineers, who have had many years’ experience 
in these and other mines. Full maps and statements and 
reports will be kept in the New York office, and some per¬ 
son perfectly familiar with every detail of the work will be 
ever ready to make explanations and answer inquiries. 


CONSOLIDATION OF NEIGHBORING MINES. 

The true policy of this Company will be to secure the 
union of the separate mines of the various groups into 
strong companies, thus avoiding all legal troubles regarding 
the identity of veins and the boundary lines, and at the same 
time securing the maximum output of ore from each vein. 
The Tunnel Company will seek to be represented in such 
consolidated companies; but it could not expect the many 
mine owners to consolidate their property with the Tunnel 
Company, for they would fear the old story of the “ big fish 
eating the little fish.” Indeed, we believe it far better to 
make the Tunnel Company a separate and distinct transpor¬ 
tation company for all time. 


RATE OF PROGRESS. 

We believe that this tunnel can be advanced at the rate 
of one mile per year, or 14^ feet per day, for the following 
reasons: The Sutro Tunnel, only 10 feet wide, was driven 
11 feet per day during the last part of the work, and in one 
month was advanced at the rate of 12^ feet per day in 
blasting rock. The St. Gothard Tunnel was advanced 10 
feet per day in one leader, showing that the great quantity 
of rock, which a large railroad turns out, can be successively 
handled. 

The Isabelle Mining Company’s Tunnel, in Alpine County, 


i5 


California, only 8 feet wide, was advanced io feet per day 
in hard rock by two blasts, each of 5 feet cut. Other cases 
might be cited of rapid progress which were accomplished 
by intelligent management and skillful workmen. 


COST OF OPERATION. ' 

The grade being an even water grade, and the line per¬ 
fectly straight, with one exception, the cost of transporta¬ 
tion will be the minimum. Railroad companies now move 
freight for less than one cent per ton per mile. We esti¬ 
mate that ten cents per ton will cover all expense of hauling 
the ore through the tunnel and “ dumping ” it into the 
mills. 


COST OF MAINTENANCE. 

The rock traversed by this tunnel does not require any 
timbering to keep it in place. Three miles of double 
track, of two feet gauge, with 16-pound rails, will cost about 
$ 20 , 030 . The wooden flumes and air-passages for venti¬ 
lation will cost about $30,000, and will last for fifteen or 
twenty years. Ten per cent, depreciation is an ample 
allowance, making $5,000 per year total cost of maintenance 
when in full use. 


EARNINGS. 

We have shown in Appendix A that the output from 
seventeen mines directly tributary to the tunnel, which 
were the only ones keeping any record of work, for several 
years past, has been 5,431 1-2 tons per month, and it is 
known to have been larger in former years. The average 
cost of hoisting this ore, teaming it to the stamp mills, and 
pumping the water from the mines, has not been less than 
two dollars per ton, and amounts to $130,356 per year, 
which sum, if paid to the Tunnel Company, would insure 


16 


the fixed dividend on the preferred stock and a fair dividend 
on the common stock. 

The estimated daily output from only these seventeen 
mines, as given by the mine owners and the agents them¬ 
selves, amounts to 630 tons, which, at one dollar per ton for 
300 working days, amounts to $189,000 per year. Mr. 
Rogers has estimated the daily output to 1,000 tons per day, 
after the mines have been well opened up from the tunnel 
level, which would insure earnings of $300,000 per year. 

Appendix B contains a list of 181 lodes, comprising forty- 
five miles of patented veins, which are tributary to the 
tunnel, with very moderate estimates of output from each 
separate mine. These estimates aggregate 1,815 tons per 
day, and would insure earnings of $300,000 to $600,000 
per year, and they certainly appear moderate when com¬ 
pared with the estimates in Appendix A. 

I fully believe that the net earnings of this Company from 
ore transportation and from their own stamp mills, together 
with profits of working their own mines, or royalty from 
leasing them, will never be less than $500,000, and is likely 
to exceed one million dollars per year. 


DIVIDENDS. 

The earnings of the tunnel will commence not later than 
nine months from the time of beginning work, and will in¬ 
crease continually, so that we may expect a very substantial 
dividend even before the last installment on preferred 
stock is paid. 


WHY SUCCESS IS SURE. 

The following facts make success sure: 

One million dollars will complete this tunnel for three and 
one-quarter miles, and will also provide one large stamp mill 
at its mouth for crushing part of the ore. The veins are true 
fissures, and extend far below the tunnel level. Some are 





i7 

yielding good ore below the tunnel level at the present 
time, and, from the similar character of all Gilpin County 
veins, we say that each will turn out more or less good 
paying ore. The output from a few mines only will pay 
the fixed charges. The tunnel will drain the mines to a 
great depth ; will lessen the cost of mining; will make cheap 
milling possible; and will unite this whole district into one 
perfect system of work. Only a small fraction of the ore 
above the tunnel has been worked out. And, finally, there 
are immense bodies of low grade ore yet remaining in the 
large mines, which can be profitably handled through the 
tunnel, and will insure a large and immediate revenue as 
soon as it shall reach them. 


SUMMARY. 

In closing this plea for a favorable consideration of the 
Bellevue Tunnel, we say that we believe it to be a very re¬ 
munerative and ABSOLUTELY SAFE investment, and hope 
that we have given ample proof in support of our opinion. 
It is endorsed by all who are familiar with the district. We 
seek more especially to attract conservative investors who 
believe in legitimate mining for profit from the ore, and are 
not impatient for quick dividends. 

Bradford H. Locke, 


Mining Engineer. 


EXTRACTS. 


The following extracts from the last biennial report of 
Prof. J. Alden Smith, formerly State Geologist of Colorado, 
deserve great weight as coming from a voluntary and dis¬ 
interested source : 

GILPIN COUNTY. 

A glance at the map of Colorado will show that Gilpin is 
the smallest of all the counties, but in the record of pro¬ 
duction it is the greatest save one—Lake County.* Its di¬ 
mensions are somewhat less than twelve by fifteen miles. 
The gold mines are clustered in groups, within a space of 
less than four miles diameter, and they have been under de¬ 
velopment for twenty-three years. In that period the pro¬ 
duct has been $41,000,000, of which $37,5000,000 was gold, 
and $3,500,000 silver, the whole constituting more than one- 
fourth of the entire bullion output of the State, and nearly 

two-thirds of all the gold. The history of Colorado had 

♦ 

its beginning here, and from it all the other sections have 
taken their most instructive lessons in mining and milling. 
# • • • • • • 

To all depths thus far penetrated, the quantity and quality 
of ore remains near the old standard. The average assay 
value of the stamp rock, as indicated by the results of some 


* Leadville is situated in this County. 






*9 


thousands of assays by the writer and others during the 
past eighteen years, is about one ounce, or $20 per ton in 
gold, and not far from six ounces silver. The average 
amount extracted by the stamp mills proper, from the best 
information obtainable, is about 60 per cent, of the gold 
and 7 per cent, of the silver, or about $12.50 per ton (coin). 
The silver saved is only that which is in alloy with the 
gold, and the per cent, varies quite perceptibly in the ores 
of different mines. There is a further saving by concen¬ 
trating the tailings from the stamp mills, equal to about 
one dollar per ton, average, for the crude material, at the 
prices generally paid for the concentrates during the past 
seven years. This gives a total average yield of $13.50 
(coin) per ton, or about 73 per cent, of the assay value. 
From a few of the mines a much higher per cent, is saved 
and from others less, but I am convinced that the above is 
very near the general average. From the nature of the ore, 
it being very heavy in sulphurets, it is scarcely possible to 
obtain much better results from the present stamping pro¬ 
cess. 

The sulphuret or smelting product, comprising the sul¬ 
phides of iron, zinc, copper, lead, etc., is usually separated 
from the stamp rock by hand picking, and then sold for 
smelting. The average assay value of this class of ore, as 
shown by the practical results of twelve years’ continuous 
operation, is about $100 (coin) per ton. Delivered at the 
smelters, the producer receives from $70 to $74 net per 
ton. At the present cost of labor, fuel, freights, etc., this 
is regarded as very fair, and even liberal, compensation. 
«#••••• 

I am averse to dismissing this subject without elaborating 
certain facts and opinions respecting the future progress of 
this splendid mineral bearing zone, already touched upon. 
In consideration of the fact that many of its mines have 
been sunk to depths where hoisting and pumping have be¬ 
come very expensive, and that in addition to the available 
grades of ore there are immense quantities, too lean for 
profitable handling, which carry only one to two ounces 


20 


gold per cord, yet still sufficiently rich to yield a fair profit 
under more favorable conditions, it seems to me that the 
time has arrived when a project should be devised for the 
largest practical utilization of this now, to all intents and 
purposes, waste product. I am fully satisfied that a tunnel 
from some feasible point on South Clear Creek would do 
more toward the solution of the problem than any other 
enterprise that can be instituted at this time. Under capa¬ 
ble management it may be made a profitable investment 
for the amount of capital required for its completion, and 
the benefits to the mining interests would be almost incal¬ 
culable. The end in view would be best accomplished, 
and with least expense, by starting at some desirable point 
between Idaho Springs and Fall River, and running directly 
under the principal lodes of Belleview, Quartz, Prize, and 
Winnebago Hills. It would then cut all the important 
groups heretofore mentioned, at vertical depths ranging be¬ 
tween 900 and 2,000 feet, and on their dips from 1,200 to 
3,000 feet, effectually draining them to these depths, and 
doing away with the heavy expense of pumps and the 
power to operate them. The tunnel should be of sufficient 
dimensions to admit of a double track, with a water way 
beneath, and for the passage of underground locomotives for 
the conveyance of ores to mills containing from 100 to 200 
stamps each, located on South Clear Creek, near the mouth 
of the tunnel. They could be operated by water power 
eight to nine months in the year, thus materially reducing 
the cost of crushing. The present cost of mining, hauling, 
and milling stamp rock, according to the voluminous notes 
I have collated, is about $35 per cord average, or $5 per 
ton, distributed as follows: 


Breaking and passing ore to shaft 

Hoisting and pumping. 

Hauling to mills. 

Crushing in custom mills. 


Per Cord. 

Per Ton. 

$g OO 

$1 

30 

6 13 


87 

7 87 

I 

12 

12 00 

I 

7 i 

$35 00 

$5 

00 








21 


What is termed “ two ounce stamp dirt ”—containing two 
ounces gold per cord—yields about the following average: 


Two ounces gold retort, value $17 per ounce. $34 00 

Half a ton of concentrated tailings, $5 per ton. 2 50 


$36 50 

It will be seen that this leaves a margin of only $1.50 per 
cord, or 21 cents per ton, on two ounce rock, too little to 
make it an object to mine and reduce it. 

Now let us see what reductions may be made with a tun¬ 
nel as suggested, and large water-power mills contiguous to •> 
its outlet : 


Per Cord. Per Ton. 


Breaking and passing ore to cars. 10 per cent., - $ 90 $ 13 

Hoisting and pumping above tunnel level, 90 per ct., 5 52 79 

Hauling to mills, ------ 84 12 

Crushing, . 6 00 86 


$13 26 $1 90 


This would effect a saving of nearly 38 per cent, and leave a 
margin of profit : 


Per Cord. Per Ton. 

On two ounce ore,.$14 76 $2 10 

On one and a half ounce, ----- 6 26 89 

It is, therefore, quite clear, that if by the use of improved 
devices and appliances we can reduce the cost of mining to 
89 cents per ton, and the cost of crushing to 45 cents, as is 
now accomplished in the Black Hills of Dakota, according 
to the certified statement below, we should realize a profit of 
$3.12 per cord, or 44 cents per ton, from ore containing only 
one ounce, and still allow $7 per cord, or $1 per ton, for con¬ 
veyance out of the tunnel, which would be a very liberal 
tariff. 

• • • • • • • 

It is estimated that 1,000 tons at least, of one to two and 








a half ounce ore, averaging say one and a half ounces, could 
be produced daily from mines already developed along the 
course of the proposed tunnel. This would provide employ¬ 
ment for not less than 1,000 men, besides adding more than 
$1,000,000 annually to the general product, from material 
which, without the aid of some such enterprise, must remain 
in the mines and waste dumps. It is from these grades that 
the county must in the near future derive a large propor¬ 
tion of its bullion returns, and the sooner some enterprise is 
inaugurated to this end, the sooner its internal condition 
will be materially improved. 


THE FOLLOWING LETTERS NEED NO EXPLANA¬ 


TION : 


Office of ) 

The Consolidated Bobtail G. M. Co. I 
A. N. Rogers, Agent. ) 

Central City, Colorado, March 23, 1883. 

Mr. Brad. H. Locke : 

Dear Sir —The Iron mine in Russell Gulch has produced, since the middle of 
September, 1882, about eighty cords of ore per month, which will approximate 
700 tons in weight. We have just started another mill, which will double this 
output from the mine, and it is expected that we shall continue to mine about 
1,500 tons per month from this time forward. If this mine and the others of 
the group belonging to the Republic Gold Mining Company were developed and 
worked through the Bellevue Tunnel, I think that they would furnish 100 tons of 
ore per day for many years. This group of mines, though prominent from an 
early day, has never been extensively worked, because of their remoteness from 
water for milling purposes and expensive transportation of the ore. With the 
proposed tunnel outlet to South Clear Creek they would furnish a large and con¬ 
stant supply of ore for transportation. Very respectfully yours, 

A. N. Rogers, Agent. 


Central City, Colorado, March 21, 1883. 

B. H. Locke, Esq. : 

Dear Sir —I have taken from the White Cloud Mine, at the head of Virginia 
Canon, 140 cords of profitable milling ore. There are many tons, probably 
thousands of tons, of low grade ore now exposed in the mine, which will not 
pay to hoist to the surface and haul three miles to stamp-mills, which we are 
doing with the ore we have stamped now, but which could be handled at a 
profit if taken out through the Bellevue Tunnel. I estimate that this mine 
would turn out, after being properly opened by the tunnel, at least twenty-five 
tons of profitable ore per day, taking the stamp ore and smelting ore together. 

Yours truly, 

Henry Paul, Manager White Cloud Mine. 





24 


Central City, Colorado, March 15, 1883. 

Bradford H. Locke, Esq.: 

Dear Sir —In reply to your inquiries as to the quantity of ore which the 
California, Hidden Treasure, Kent County, and Kansas Mines could furnish 
for transportation through the Bellevue Tunnel to South Clear Creek, I am 
of opinion that were the charges for milling and transport—the latter covering 
drainage as well—reasonable, these mines could yield 200 tons of high and low 
grade ore per day. I am, yours truly, 

W. Hanson. 


Central City, Coi.orado, January 10, 1883. 

B. H. Locke, Esq., 

City : 

Dear Sir —The product of the Hidden Treasure Mine on Quartz Hill, for 
the past five years, has been about 5,000 cords, or 42,500 tons of pay ore, of 
which one-fifth was smelting ore, and four-fifths milling ore, or “stamp rock.” 
The cost of getting this ore to the mill and smelter has been one dollar ($1) 
per ton of 2,000 lbs., to say nothing of the additional cost of hoisting the same 
over and above what it ought to cost for “ tramming ” through your proposed 
tunnel. I am, very truly yours, 

Sam. V. Newell, 

Treasurer Hidden Treasure Mining and Milling Co. 


Office Denver Gold Co., Limited, \ 

Bald Mountain, Gilpin Co., Col., February 12, 1883. j 

Mr. B. H. Locke : 

Dear Sir —The Kansas Mine produced seven thousand and sixty-six (7,066) 
tons of ore between April 23, 1881, and December 31, 1882. There have been 
many thousand tons of milling ore exposed of too low grade to be profitably 
mined under existing circumstances, which could be extracted and treated at a 
profit if taken out through the “Bellevue Tunnel” at a small charge, and 
crushed in large water-power mills on South Clear Creek. We can, at present, 
afford to mine no ore yielding less than $5.00 per ton. There are in our mine 
thousands of fathoms of stoping ground now opened, the ore from which will 
yield from $3.00 to $6.00 per ton. Yours truly, 

Frank S. Craven, Superintendent. 




25 


Office of ) 

The Robinson Consolidated Mining Co. ) 

Robinson, Colorado, March n, 1883. 

B. H. Locke, M. E., 

Central City, Colorado: 

Dear Sir —The Prize-Seuderberg Mine has produced, in the last twelve 
months, 420 cords of milling ore, and about 150 tons of smelting ore. There 
are many thousands of tons of low grade ore in the mine which could be 
handled at a profit if taken out through the Bellevue Tunnel. I estimate that 
the daily output from this property would be about seven cords, or fifty tons, 
worked through this proposed tunnel. Very truly, 

J. W. Bostwick, Superintendent . 


Central City, Colorado, March 24, 1883. 

Mr. B. H. Locke : 

Dear Sir —The production from the Gunnell Mine has been as follows : 

From the spring of 1874 to the spring of 1878, 6,037 cords of milling ore. 

During the year 1881. 1,048 “ 11 “ “ 

“ “ “ 1882 . 705 “ “ “ 

Total. 7,790 

The mine was closed down in 1879 and 1880, and has not been extensively 
worked since starting up the last time, but it is well opened up and contains a 
large amount of low grade ore, which it does not pay to treat under our pres¬ 
ent system of working. I estimate that the output from this mine through “ The 
Bellevue Tunnel” will be at least fifty tons per day for several years. 

Yours truly, 

Ed. F. Clinton, for Gunnel Co. 


March 28, 1883. 

John M. Dumont, Esq., 

Spanish Bar, Colorado : 

Dear Sir —Knowing that you are well acquainted with some of the mines, 
and more or less familiar with the whole region tributary to the proposed 
Bellevue Tunnel, I would like to receive an expression of your opinion con¬ 
cerning the enterprise, and what the future of such a scheme would likely be, 
if conducted on strict business principles, and provided with at least one mil¬ 
lion dollars. 

A few figures may assist you in forming an opinion. 

At 3,000 feet from the mouth, it will intersect the Kinda, U. P. R., and 
Specie Payment Extension group of mines, at a depth of 1,600 feet. 








26 


/ 


At 4,500 feet, the Champion, Specie Payment, Trio, and others, at depths 
varying from 2,400 to 2,800 feet along the vein. 

At 6,000 feet, the Crown Point and others, near the head of Virginia Canon, 
at a depth of 1,500 feet. 

At 8,000 feet, the Federal, Becky Sharp, Pewabic, and others, at a depth of 
1,400 feet. 

At 10,000 feet, the Ohio, Perrin, Bench, Wyandotte, etc., at a depth of 
1,500 feet. 

At 10,800 feet, the Leavenworth, at a depth of 1,500 feet. 

At 11,500 feet, the Calhoun and Wood lodes, at a depth of 1,300 feet. 

At 12,400 feet, the Kirk, Alps, and Mackie, at a depth of 1,600 feet. 

At 13,000 feet, the Ralls County and the Quartz Hill mines, at depths vary¬ 
ing from 1,450 feet to 1,700 feet. 

At 13,400 feet, the California and Gardner, at a depth of 1 , 55 ° feet. 

At 14,200 feet, the Kansas, at a depth of 1,300 feet. 

At 15,500 feet, the Jones, Prize-Seuderberg, and others, at a depth of 1.350 
feet. 

And at 16,700 feet, the Grand Army and Gunnell, at a depth of i,too feet. 

It is also our purpose to build large water-power mills on South Clear Creek, 
for crushing, at a minimum cost, the large quantities of low grade ore still left 
in many of the large mines. 

Very truly, 

Bradford H. Locke. 


Office of the Bullion Smelting Co., ) 
Clear Creek County. f 

Spanish Bar, Colorado, March 31, 1883. 

B. H. Locke, Esq., 

Central City, Colorado: 

Dear Sir —Your letter of the 28th inst., requesting an opinion from me as to 
the feasibility, etc., of your proposed Bellevue Tunnel prospect, is received. In 
reply, I have no hesitation in giving it as my opinion that the Tunnel, as per 
maps and plans shown me, if carried out subject to conditions which govern 
all successful enterprises, can but be beneficial to all concerned. Your position 
as to location is a good one. The item of cost of shipment by rail or wagon 
road over our heavy grades, added to the cost of fuel for steam power for 
milling, is a serious matter as to low grade ores. The Bellevue Tunnel, in 
operation as a thoroughfare for the output of the mines intersected to cheap 
water power, will very materially reduce the transportation and milling cost. 

Respectfully yours, 

John M. Dumont. 



7 


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* The California was not working from September i, 1881, to August 28, 1882, pending the sale to the English company, 
t The Gunnell was also idle during 1879 and 1880, on account of litigation. 


































































28 


APPENDIX B. 

LIST OF PATENTED LODES INTERSECTED BY OR WITHIN 
HALF A MILE OF THE LINE OF TUNNEL. 


NAME. 


DEPTH OF 
LOWEST 
WORKINGS. 


DEPTH CUT 
BY THE TUN¬ 
NEL ON THE 
INCLINE OF 
THE VEIN. 


LENGTH OF 
VEIN PATENT¬ 
ED, IN FEET 


ESTIMATED 
OUTPUT PER 
DAY, IN TONS. 


1 Kinda. 

2 U. P. R. 

3 Telephone. 

4 Bourdon . 

5 Specie Payment, Ext. West... 

6 Specie Payment.... . 

7 Specie Payment, Ext. East... 

8 Swansea. 

9 Diamond Joe. 

10 Bellevue. 

11 Champion. 

12 Trio. 

13 Enterprise. 

14 Lucas. 

15 Phillips. 

16 Clarissa. 

17 Victor. 

18 German. 

19 Pappoose. 

20 Crown Point. 

21 Williams. 

22 Castleton. 

23 President Hayes. 

24 Columbia. 

25 White Cloud. 

26 Golden Cloud. 

27 Nashville, / 

28 J. L., j . 

29 John L. Emerson. 

30 Lucia. 

31 Asteroid. 

32 Grisley . 

33 Westchester. 

34 Rocky Mountain Terror. 

35 Becky Sharp. 

36 Agra . 

37 Altamonte. 

38 Ben J. 

39 Federal . 

40 West Pewabic. 

41 Lillian. 

42 Pewabic. 

43 Old Town. 

44 Bobtail. 

45 Iron . 

46 Wm. Richardson. 

47 Bangor. 

48 Russell.. 

49 Wautauga. 

50 Minnesota. 

51 Springdale. 

52 Pendleton. 

53 Cooper. 

54 St. Clair. 


85 

1.35 


60 

300 


180 
600 
100 
160 
SO 
45 
170 


170 

85 


400 


410 

160 

130 

210 


40 

250 


IOO 

106 

50 

85 

80 

90 


185 

400 

120 

60 

260 

370 

80 

140 

230 

140 

50 

212 

65 

125 


1,600 
1,600 
1,800 
1,800 

2.500 

2.900 
2,300 
2,000 
2,100 

1.900 

2.400 
2,300 
2,000 
2,000 
2,000 
1,800 
2,270 
2,180 
1,900 

1.500 
1,500 
1,700 
1,800 
2,100 

2.300 
2,200 

2,100 

1,900 

1,900 

1,800 

1,700 

1,700 

1.400 
i,55o 
1,600 
1,750 
1,700 
1,400 
1,600 
1,400 

T ,45° 
1,400 
14,00 
1,400 
1 ,500 
1,400 
1,350 

1.300 
11,250 
L 450 
I ,3°° 
1,400 
1,400 


1,500 

10 

1,500 

10 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

15 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,400 

10 

1,500 

50 

960 

10 

1,300 

10 

1,500 

IO 

1,500 

IO 

1,500 

IO 

1,500 

IO 

1,100 

IO 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

10 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,000 

25 

1,500 

IO 

1.500 

IO 

1,400 

IO 

3,000 

IO 

1,500 

IO 

1,600 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,400 

IO 

1,500 

IO 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,500 

IO 

3,000 

15 

1,500 

5 

1,400 

IOO 

1,500 

20 

1,000 


1,500 


900 

5 

1,300 

— 

1,500 

IO 

1,400 

5 

1,400 

5 

1,500 

5 

1,100 

5 

800 

5 

1,500 

5 

77,960 

545 



























































































2 9 


NAME. 

DEPTH OF 

LOWEST 

WORKINGS. 

DEPTH CUT 

BY THE TUN¬ 
NEL ON THE 

INCLINE OF 

THE VEIN. 

LENGTH OF 

VEIN PATENT¬ 
ED, IN FEET. 

ESTIMATED 
OUTPUT PER 
DAY, IN TONS. 




77,960 

545 

55 Morrell. 

140 

1,700 

1,500 

5 

56 Topeka. 

200 

1,700 

2,500 

IO 

57 Rockford. 

— 

1,420 

600 

IO 

58 Bench . 

200 

1,420 

500 

IO 

59 Perrin .... . . 

300 

D 350 

900 

Io 

60 Hill House. 

80 

1,300 

1,100 

IO 

61 Ohio... 

65 

1,400 

1,500 

5 

62 Wyandotte. 

370 

I « 55 ° 

1,500 

5 

63 West Wyandotte... . 


I i 55 ° 

1,500 

5 

64 Defiance. 

120 

1,400 

1,500 

5 

65 East Leavenworth. 

IOO 

D 45 o 

1,500 

10 

66 Mollie Newcomb. 

70 

1,500 

1,500 

5 

67 Leavenworth. 

500 

1 500 

1,500 

20 

68 Keystone. 


1 500 

200 

5 

69 Gold Ring. 

75 

1,500 

1,500 

5 

70 Harsh. 

150 

1,500 

800 

IO 

71 Paola. 

120 

1,550 

1,500 

5 

72 Quartz Mill. 

200 

i, 55 o 

1,500 

5 

73 Grand Prize. 

120 

1,800 

800 

5 

74 Delaware. 

400 

1,800 

500 

10 

75 Jefferson. 

IOO 

1,700 

900 

Io 

76 Prompt Pay. . 

I40 

1,700 

1.500 

5 

77 Calhoun. 

120 

1,300 

2,700 

IO 

78 Wood. 

125 

i,3°o 

1,000 

IO 

79 Ezra White. 

35 

1.700 

1,500 

5 

80 Effie. 

40 

1,700 

!, 5 oo 

5 

81 Gem. 

70 

1,800 

1,500 

5 

82 Stewart & Co. 

80 

1 , 75 ° 

400 

10 

83 Stevens. 


I,8oo 

1,250 

5 

84 Charter Oak. 

135 

1,800 

1,500 

5 

85 North Eclipse. 

80 

1,850 

1,500 

5 

86 Telephone . 


1,500 

1,500 

5 

87 Bouvier. 


1,500 

1,500 

5 

88 Telegraph. 


1,400 

1,500 

5 

89 Blagden. 

33 

1,500 

1,500 

5 

90 Kirk. 

125 

1,500 

1,500 

IO 

91 French or Pyrenees. 

500 

2,000 

2,300 

2 5 

92 Alps. 

600 

1,600 

700 

20 

93 Mackie. 

495 

1,600 

800 

10 

94 Griffin. . 

20 

2,000 

1,500 

5 

95 WinSlow. 

IOO 

1,600 

1,000 

5 

96 Tigress. 

90 

1,500 

400 

5 

97 Blithe. 

40 

I i5°o 

1,100 

5 

98 Shaw. 

IOO 

1,500 

1,100 

IO 

99 North.. .... 

40 

1 . 45 ° 

1,500 

IO 

100 Jessie. 


1 , 45 ° 

1,500 

5 

101 Dexter. 

50 

1,650 

3,000 

5 

102 German. 

70 

1,750 

1,000 

IO 

103 Ina. 

60 

1,600 

1,500 

5 

104 Mitchell. 


1,750 

1,500 

5 

105 Scandia. 

250 

1,600 

1,500 

IO 

106 Sugar Tit. 

210 

1,700 

1,250 

5 

107 Ralls County. 

700 

1.700 

1,000 

5 

108 Kent County. 

850 

1,900 

2,050 

25 

109 Soden. 

— 

2,000 

1,450 

10 

no Egyptian. 

680 

1,600 

300 

15 

in Egyptian Side. 

20 

1,600 

1,300 

5 

112 Pike’s Peak. 

IOO 

1,600 

600 

5 

113 Pratt. 

150 

1,500 

350 

5 

114 Illinois. 

700 

1,500 

1,000 

IO 

115 Confidence. 

130 

1,450 

1,400 

5 

116 Ingalls. 

250 

1,450 

800 

10 

117 Pocahontas . 

180 

1,450 

600 

5 

118 Register. 

I2 5 

1,300 

1,500 

5 

119 Continental. 

125 

1,200 

500 

5 

120 Bell. 


1,350 

1,400 

5 

121 Wedge. 


1,500 

1,000 

5 

122 Roderick Dhu. 

700 

1,500 

600 

10 

123 R. D. Kinney. 


1,500 

600 

IO 

124 Borton. 


1,500 

200 

5 




163,410 

1,090 





















































































































, 1 

NAME. 

DEPTH OF 
LOWEST 

WOK KINGS. 

DEPTH CUT 

BY THE TUN¬ 
NEL ON THE 
INCLINE OF 

THE VEIN. 

LENGTH OF 

YE IN PATENT¬ 
ED, IN FEET. 

ESTIMATED 
OUTPUT PER 
DAY, IN TONS. 




163,410 

1,090 

125 Extenuate. 

70 

1,500 

1,150 

IO 


240 

1,450 

650 

5 

127 Flack . 

650 

1 , 55 ° 

1,150 

30 

128 Mercer County. 

400 

1,550 

800 

IO 

129 Symonds’ Forks. 

970 

1,700 

900 

IO 

130 California. 

1,340 

1,600 

700 

IOO 

131 Hidden irensure. 

1,320 

1,500 

500 

25 

132 Indiana. . 

216 

1,550 

I,6oO 

IO 

133 Keystone. 

65 

1,550 

700 

5 

134 Express. . 

85 

i, 55 ° 

1,500 

5 

135 Gardner . 

625 

1,500 

1,300 

10 

136 Grand River. 

80 

i, 45 o 

600 

5 



1,400 

600 

5 


240 

1,400 

1,500 

5 

139 Missouri. 

3 °° 

1,400 

400 

5 

140 Burroughs . 

1,060 

1,350 

2 , 3 °° 

50 

141 Kansas . . 

i ,345 

1,300 

5 , 9 °° 

IOO 

142 Irish Flag. 

900 

1,^00 

650 

5 

143 American Flag . 

400 

G 450 

i, 45 o 

IO 

144 Northrop. 


L 3 oo 

1,500 

5 

145 Camp Grove. 


1,300 

1,000 

5 


90 

1,150 

1,400 

5 

147 Ute . 

180 

1,150 

1,450 

5 

148 Douglas. 

60 

I , 1 5 ° 

900 

5 

149 Genuine. 

35 

1,250 

1,500 

5 

150 Ashtabula. . 

300 

1,200 

2,200 

10 

151 Dyke.... 

300 

1,200 

900 

5 

152 Jones. . 

600 

1,350 

1,600 

25 

153 Prize Seuderberg . 

700 

1,350 

1,200 

5 ° 

154 Cymro. ••• 

90 

1,350 

4OO 

5 

155 Prize Extension... 


1,300 

1,450 

5 

156 Parole. 

45 

1,365 

1,500 

5 

157 Lamberson and Warren. 

35 

1,355 

i,6co 

5 

158 Big Giant. . 

40 

1,365 

1,600 

5 

159 Skeleton... 

215 

1,365 

1,500 

5 

160 Shafts. . 


I , 35 ° 

2,900 

5 

161 Motto . 

40 

i, 35 o 

1,700 

5 

162 Slaughter House. 


1,500 

1,600 

5 

163 Golden Treasure. 

3 °° 

1 , 35 ° 

1,200 

5 

164 Kreigbauin. 

200 

I , 35 ° 

1,200 

IO 

165 Josephine. . 

105 

1,300 

1,500 

5 

166 Concrete. 

IOO 

1 , 35 ° 

1,500 

5 

167 Whiting. 


i, 35 o 

2,000 

5 

168 Marine. 

260 

1,100 

1,500 

5 

169 Grand Army. 

770 

1,100 

1,600 

— 

170 Gunnell. 

1,150 

1,100 

2,500 

5 ° 

171 Hydrant. 


1,000 

1,050 

5 

172 Montrose.. 

120 

900 

800 

5 

173 Eureka. 

300 

1,100 

2,700 

20 

174 Arlington. .. 

9 ° 

1,100 

1,100 

5 

17=; Columbia Avenue. 

320 

1,100 

1,500 

5 

176 Wood. 

80 

1,000 

1,500 

5 

177 Kohinoor No. 2. 

70 

1,100 

1,000 

5 

178 J. P. Whitney .. . 

490 

1,000 

1,500 

5 

179 Rara Avis. 

no 

1,000 

1,500 

5 

180 Little Mack. 

20 

900 

1,500 

5 

181 Lake Superior. . . 

50 

900 

1,200 

5 


j 


244,010 

1,815 





































































































p 





